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What are the cable sheathing materials?

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What are the cable sheathing materials?

2024-06-20

What is the cable jacket

The cable sheath is the outermost layer of the cable, acting as the most important barrier in the cable to protect the internal structural safety, protecting the cable from mechanical damage during and after installation. Cable sheathing is not meant to replace the reinforced guard inside the cable, but they can provide a fairly high level of limited means of protection. In addition, the cable jacket provides protection against moisture, chemicals, UV and ozone.

 

Cable sheathing material type

There are many types of cable sheathing, and the selection of raw materials for cable sheathing should take into account the compatibility of the use of connectors and the adaptability to the environment. For example, extremely cold environments may require cable sheathing that remains flexible at very low temperatures. Some typical features of the most common types of sheathing are listed below.

 

1. cable sheath material: PVC

Cable material is based on polyvinyl chloride resin, adding stabilizer, plasticizer, calcium carbonate and other inorganic fillers, additives, lubricants and other additives, through mixing kneading and extrusion to prepare the particles.

Polyvinyl chloride can be formulated to be used in a variety of environments and applications. It is low cost to use, flexible, fairly sturdy, and has a fire/oil resistant material. However, this material contains harmful substances to the environment and human body, and there are many problems in the application of special environment. With the enhancement of people's environmental awareness and the improvement of material performance requirements, higher requirements have been put forward for PVC materials.

 

2.Cable sheath material: PE

Due to its excellent electrical insulation properties and good processing properties, polyethylene is widely used as a coating material for wire and cable, mainly used in the insulation layer and sheath layer of wire and cable.

Excellent electrical properties and extremely high insulation resistance. Polyethylene can be hard and very hard, but low density PE(LDPE) is more flexible and has excellent moisture resistance. Properly formulated PE has excellent weather resistance.

The linear molecular structure of polyethylene makes it easy to deform at high temperatures, so in the PE application in the wire and cable industry, polyethylene is often turned into a network structure by cross-linking, so that it also has a strong deformation resistance at high temperatures.

Crosslinked polyethylene (XLPE) and polyvinyl chloride (PVC) are both used as insulation materials for wire and cable, but XLPE wire and cable is more environmentally friendly than PVC wire and cable, and it has better performance.

 

3.Cable sheath material: PUR

PUR cable is one of the cables, the material of PUR cable has the advantages of oil resistance and wear resistance, and PVC is made of ordinary materials. In the past few years in the cable industry, the position of polyurethane has become increasingly important, at a certain temperature, the material's mechanical properties and rubber similar, the combination of thermoplasticity and elasticity to obtain TPE thermoplastic elastomers.

Widely used in industrial machinery and equipment, transmission and transmission control systems, various industrial sensors, testing instruments, electronic instruments, household appliances, electrical and mechanical, kitchen and other equipment, for the harsh environment oil and other occasions of power, signal connection.

 

4.Cable sheath material: TPE/TPR

Thermoplastic elastomers have excellent low temperature properties without the expense of thermoset materials. It has good chemical and oil resistance and is very flexible. Good wear resistance and surface texture, but not as robust as PUR.

 

5.Cable sheath material: TPU

Polyurethane cable refers to the use of polyurethane material as insulation or sheath of the cable, its superior wear resistance refers to the cable sheath and insulation layer of the superior wear resistance. The polyurethane material used in the cable is generally called TPU, which is a thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer rubber. It is mainly divided into polyester type and polyether type, hardness range (60HA-85HD), wear resistance, oil resistance, transparency, good elasticity, TPU not only has excellent high wear resistance, high tension, high tension, toughness and aging resistance characteristics, but also is a mature environmental protection material.

The application fields of polyurethane sheathed cables include Marine application cables, industrial robot and manipulator cables, port machinery and gantry crane drum cables, mining engineering machinery cables.

 

6.Cable sheath material: Thermoplastic CPE

Chlorinated polyethylene (CPE) is commonly used in very harsh environments. It has the characteristics of light weight, very hard, low friction coefficient, good oil resistance, good water resistance, excellent chemical resistance and UV resistance, low cost.

 

7.Cable sheath material: ceramic silicone rubber

Ceramic silicone rubber has excellent fire, flame retardant, low smoke, non-toxic and other characteristics, extrusion molding process is simple, the residue after combustion is a hard ceramic shell, the hard shell does not melt and does not drop in the fire environment, can be specified in GB/T19216.21-2003 at 950℃-1000℃ temperature, fire for 90 minutes, Cooling 15min line integrity test, suitable for any place that needs fire prevention, to ensure that the power transmission in the case of fire has played a solid protection.

Ceramic silicone rubber products have no special requirements for equipment, simple processing technology, the use of traditional silicone rubber processing equipment can achieve production, than the current refractory wire and cable production process, has higher production efficiency, can reduce production energy consumption and save costs.