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The role of carbon black in rubber and its classification

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The role of carbon black in rubber and its classification

2024-06-11

Carbon black  is an amorphous form of carbon. Light, loose and very fine black powder, with a very large surface area, ranging from 10-3000m2 / g, is the product of incomplete combustion or thermal decomposition of carbon-containing substances (coal, natural gas, heavy oil, fuel oil, etc.) under the condition of insufficient air.

According to the performance of carbon black, there are "reinforced carbon black", "conductive carbon black", "wear-resistant carbon black" and so on. Carbon black can be used as a black dye, used in the manufacture of Chinese ink, ink, paint, etc., and is often used as a reinforcing agent in rubber production; According to different uses, carbon black is usually divided into pigment carbon black, rubber carbon black, conductive carbon black and special carbon black.

In 1912, it was found that carbon black has a reinforcing effect on rubber, and since then carbon black has gradually become an indispensable raw material for the rubber industry.


The role of carbon black in rubber:

1. Increase the wear resistance and service life of rubber products (reinforcing agent)
2. Cost saving, general rubber products are two parts of rubber and one part of carbon black (filler)


Classification and use of carbon black for rubber:
The naming system takes into account factors such as vulcanization rate and structure of carbon black material, and is composed of four systems. The first letter represents the vulcanization rate of the rubber material. N stands for normal vulcanization rate, S stands for slow vulcanization rate. The first letter of the last three letters represents the surface area of carbon black nitrogen. The second and third numbers reflect different degrees of structure. (There are national standards for these)
N220 is suitable for all kinds of rubber, wear resistance is 10%-20% higher than N330, can give colloidal rubber high tensile strength and tear strength, and has a certain electrical conductivity. It is mainly used for tread rubber of truck tires and passenger tires, and rubber products requiring high strength and high wear resistance.
The wear resistance of N234 is about 10% higher than that of N220, and it can show good wear resistance when used at high harshness. Mainly used for high speed tire rubber and high quality rubber products.
N326 has high tensile strength, tear strength, wear resistance and cracking resistance in natural rubber. It is mainly used for tires with high strength and low heat generation (including off-road tires), and is also suitable for conveyor belts, sealing products and other high-quality rubber industrial products.
N330 is a kind of carbon black with good reinforcing properties, which can give the colloidal particles better strength and elongation, tear resistance, wear resistance and elasticity. Mainly used for tire tread, cord rubber, tire side and various rubber industrial products.
N339 has similar reinforcing properties, wear resistance and crack resistance to N220 carbon black in tread compound, which is especially suitable for the combined system of styrene butadiene rubber and butadiene rubber. Mainly used for passenger tires, truck tire tread rubber, conveyor belt, hose and various rubber industrial products requiring high wear resistance.
N375 and N339 performance is basically the same, the heat generation is slightly lower than N339. Mainly used for car tire, truck tire and off-road tire tread rubber.
N550 is suitable for natural rubber and all kinds of synthetic rubber, easy to disperse, can give the rubber material high stiffness, fast extrusion speed, small expansion of the mouth, smooth extrusion surface. Vulcanized rubber has good high temperature and thermal conductivity, and good reinforcement, elasticity and resilience. It is mainly used in tire cord glue, tire side, inner tube, extrusion and calendering products.
N539 used in this product, the extrusion surface is smooth, the mouth expansion is small. The vulcanized rubber has higher tensile strength and elongation, lower fixed elongation stress than N550, and better elasticity and fatigue resistance. Mainly used for tire body compound, especially for natural rubber based buffer layer compound, but also for tire base compound, tape cover and other rubber products and wire, cable sheath material.
N660 This product is suitable for all kinds of rubber, compared with semi-reinforced carbon black, has a higher structure, finer particles, easy to disperse in the rubber, vulcanized rubber tensile strength, tear strength and fixed elongation stress is higher, and small deformation, low heat generation, elasticity and resistance to flexion performance is good. Mainly used for tire curtain tape, inner tube, bicycle, hose, tape, cable, footwear and calendering products, model products, etc.